Geethartha Chintane-122: Difference Between Jara and Vardhakya

“Dehino sminyatha dehe kaumaram yauvanam jara |
Tatha dehantarapraptir dhiras tatra na muhyati |”
(Bhagavad Gita 2-12)

Krishna explains that childhood is not a transitional phase, whereas adolescence and youth are states of transition. Childhood exists from birth and is therefore not considered a change. Krishna specifically emphasizes the concept of change and focuses on these shifting states.

While youth holds significance, why does Krishna mention adolescence? Because adolescence is a phase of carefree existence, devoid of responsibilities, while youth carries certain responsibilities. Krishna questions, “If one does not grieve over these inevitable transitions, why lament now?”

Instead of the term vardhakya (old age), Krishna uses jara to highlight a subtle distinction. Jara refers to a state where bodily organs begin to deteriorate. Conversely, vardhakya represents the peak or culmination of growth and maturity.

The transition to another body (dehantara) is similar to these bodily changes. If one understands this, why should sorrow arise? The soul (atman), which owns the body, is unaffected by decay or old age. It is the embodied self (dehi) that experiences joy and sorrow. Thus, Krishna emphasizes the term dehina.