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He was delivering the fifth Sri Lavu Venkatewarlu Endowment Lecture on ”Indian Judiciary – Challenges of future” at Siddhartha Law College, Vijayawada.
He said that in recent times, physical attacks on judicial officers are on the rise and at times, there are concerted campaigns in the print and social media against judges if parties do not get a favorable order while these attacks appear to be allegedly sponsored and synchronized.
There is a need to liberate the institution of public prosecutors. Total independence must be granted to them and to make them answerable only to the Courts, he further said.
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Recently, Kerala MP John Brittas reportedly said during a debate in Parliament on the High Court and Supreme Court Judges (Salaries and Conditions of Service) Amendment Bill, 2021 that Judges appointing judges is unheard of anywhere.
”Many authorities are involved, including the Union Law Ministry, State governments, Governor, High Court collegia, Intelligence Bureau, and lastly, the topmost executive, who all are designated to examine the suitability of a candidate. I am sad to note that the well-informed also propagate the aforesaid notion. After all, this narrative suits certain sections,” Justice Ramana said.
Appreciating the Centre for its efforts on appointing more judges, he said some recommendations made by High Courts are yet to be transmitted to the Supreme Court by the Union Law Ministry. It is expected that the government needs to strictly adhere to the timelines laid down in the Malik Mazhar case.
The law enforcing agencies, particularly the specialized agencies, need to deal with malicious attacks on the judiciary effectively, the CJI said adding that it was unfortunate that unless the court interfered and passed orders, the authorities generally do not proceed with the investigation.
”The governments are expected and duty-bound to create a secure environment so that the judges and judicial officers can function fearlessly,” he said.
New media tools have the enormous amplifying ability, but appear to be incapable of distinguishing between the right and the wrong, the good and the bad, and the real and the fake. Media trials cannot be a guiding factor in deciding cases, he further said.
He said historically, prosecutors in the country have been under the control of the government.
”Hence it is not a surprise that they do not act independently. They do nothing to prevent frivolous and non-deserving cases from reaching the courts. Public Prosecutors automatically oppose bail applications without independently applying the mind. They attempt to suppress evidence during trial which could benefit the accused,” Justice Ramana said.
A holistic rework needs to be undertaken. In order to insulate the Public Prosecutors, an independent selection committee may be constituted for their appointment. Best practices should be adopted after a comparative analysis of other jurisdictions, he opined.
While making legislations, the lawmakers must also think of providing effective remedies for issues that may arise out of the law and yet these principles seemingly are being ignored, he said.
According to him, the popular majority is not a defense for arbitrary actions taken by a government as every move is mandatorily required to comply with the Constitution. “If the judiciary does not have the power of judicial review, then the functioning of democracy in this country will be unthinkable,” he said.
Stating that courts do not have the power of the purse or the sword, he said the executive needs to assist and co-operate for the rule of law to prevail in the nation. However, there appears to be a growing tendency to disregard, and even disrespect court orders by the executive.
Citing the Bihar Prohibition Act in 2016 which resulted in the High Court being filled with a lot of bail applications, Justice Ramana said lack of foresight in legislating can directly result in the blockage of courts.