British businessman Mark Tucker, currently group chief executive and president of insurance group AIA, will take over from Douglas Flint in October.
He will lead the hunt for a new CEO to replace Stuart Gulliver who is set to retire in 2018, the bank said in a statement to the Hong Kong stock exchange.
The changes come after HSBC profits were dealt a hammer blow last year, with the bank attributing the decline to protectionist fears under Donald Trump and uncertainties caused by Brexit when it announced its 2016 results last month.
That sent new shivers through markets already spooked by concerns over political stability in Europe, Brexit and US trade policies.
Shares in HSBC ended up 2.14 percent at HK$64.35.
HSBC praised Tucker's "long track record of successful leadership of complex financial services businesses in both Asia and the UK" in its statement.
Before he took the helm at AIA, Tucker was head of insurer Prudential.
Gulliver and Flint have led HSBC since 2010 in what has been a difficult period for the bank.
The duo were grilled by British lawmakers in 2015 and apologised for "unacceptable" failings at HSBC's Swiss division following allegations the unit helped rich clients hide billions of dollars from the taxman.
HSBC was one of six major US and European banks that were fined a total of USD 4.2 billion by global regulators in a November 2014 crackdown for attempted manipulation of the foreign exchange market.
It was also fined USD 1.92 billion by US prosecutors in 2012 to settle allegations that it failed to enforce anti-money laundering rules exposing it to exploitation by drug cartels and terrorist organisations.
Since 2011, Gulliver and Flint have announced more than 87,000 job cuts and exited more than 80 businesses.
HSBC thanked Flint for his "dedicated service" in today's statement.
"Douglas has skillfully led HSBC through the turbulent times of the financial crisis and its aftermath," it said.
"As an industry leader, he has played a key role in contributing to the development of the post-crisis regulatory framework."
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